Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Quick Query Makeover

Brisk Query Makeover A full-time independent essayist needs to produce enough marketable plans to win a living. Your articles are your help, the explanation you eat and have a rooftop over your head. Be that as it may, a few specialists despite everything have faith in the dream fantasy. On the off chance that youre an adherent to that supernatural being, at that point independent composing isn't for you. This business is for the intense, innovative sort ready to spend numerous hours making duplicate and appropriating thoughts. Dissipate the dream legend and become increasingly productive in your vocation with these tips. I utilized them to improve my question yield. Toward the start of my profession, I submitted about a question seven days. As my business abilities and innovativeness blossomed, I grew up to three pitches every day. 1. Numerous magazines have Twitter channels inserted at their sites. Site tweets are extraordinary spots for article thoughts, particularly on the off chance that you need to pitch a convenient point. For instance, I grabbed the eye of a territorial business-magazine supervisor 2. In the event that you get a dismissal, do what I realized in school experimental writing class. Consider your to be as anecdotal characters. Your sources can be as convincing as Mr. Darcy and Carrie Bradshaw. To begin with, portray your sources instructive and proficient foundation; dig into their obligations, their family lives, what they like, what they detest. For instance, expound on the health specialist you needed to use in your dismissed question from Prevention. Expound on her school a long time at Princeton, her years as a corporate legal counselor on Wall Street, how she got away from the futile daily existence and turned into her fantasy occupation. Previously, she was only a specialist in a wellbeing article. Presently, she can be profiled in a womans magazine; referenced in a way of life magazine for legal advisors or health specialists; accentuated in a provincial magazine in New Jersey. 3. Compose pre-pitches. This thought doesnt work when youre new to an editorial manager. Be that as it may, in the event that you got support from a manager who dismissed your inquiries, have a go at presenting a short sentence depicting your thought and mentioning whether the supervisor thinks that its a decent match. In the wake of distributing my first article on a women's activist site, Ive figured out how to routinely send sentence-long pitches to the overseeing editors. Once in a while I get an acknowledgment. Regardless of whether you as of now compose low maintenance, my tips will assist you with systems administration with editors. In an industry where youre rivaling a large number of different journalists and a huge number of different thoughts, youre just tantamount to submitting articles on schedule and building a decent notoriety with distributions. The dream fantasy doesnt perceive that. Like a languid sentimental accomplice, it must go. Behlor Santi thebxscribbbler1980@gmail.com www.behlorsanti.net

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Book Banning Essay Example for Free

Book Banning Essay Every year, libraries over the United States report many difficulties. The main sources for challenging a book are explicitly express substance, hostile language and improper subjects for minors [source: American Library Association]. Just a minority of the solicitations really endure to forbidding the book from its particular library. The Catcher in the Rye. The Scarlet Letter. Huckleberry Finn. Harry Potter. The Diary of Anne Frank. Animal Farm. To Kill a Mockingbird. The Da Vinci Code. The Grapes of Wrath. These artistic works of art have been indispensable to the training of many, particularly youngsters and teenagers. These incredible books both show significant qualities and instruct youngsters about world undertakings and great subjects. Sadly, every one of these books has been prohibited at one point in time. A large number of these great stories have been prohibited in view of sexual references, racial slurs, strict bigotry, or assumed black magic advancement. Albeit some may consider these books dubious or improper, numerous English classes have expected us to peruse these books. Like the educators that relegated us these books, I accept that even disputable books can at last lift, not hinder, our instructive riches. I restrict book prohibiting for three fundamental reasons. To begin with, I accept that training ought to be available to everybody. Everybody ought to have a chance to peruse any writing based on their personal preference and structure their own feelings dependent on the perusing. Micah Issitt records three essential rights secured under the opportunity of the press: the option to distribute, the privilege to privacy of sources, and the privilege of residents to get to the results of the press. My subsequent explanation explicitly addresses the last right expressing that residents ought to approach the press. The administration ought not confine books from being distributed or meddle into individual issues as this is an encroachment of the First Amendment. At last, I accept that guardians should screen what their own kids read, however not have the position to prohibit other youngsters from perusing these books. Therefore, I reason that the administration should assume no job in the issue what residents do and don't peruse, and that book limitation ought to stay an exclusively private issue. From the outset, the discussion over restricting books seems irrelevant. In any case, this discussion has partitioned our country into the individuals who favor editing books to secure their susceptible teenagers, and the individuals who contend that training ought to be open for everyone without impedance from the administration in confining the distributing and getting to of these books. Issitt contends that controlling books damages the First Amendment, expressing that residents must be allowed to search out any media, paying little heed to content, that they regard fitting for diversion, data, or training. Precluding the rights from securing the buyer, in any territory, is one of the signs of dictatorship. While I don't liken restricting books with dictatorship, we do underwrite Issitts conviction that singular residents reserve the privilege to pick, under their own caution, what books to peruse. The First Amendment secures the opportunity of articulation and discourse, and by forbidding certain messages, the administration plainly encroaches upon open rights. Then again, Healey claims that oversight doesn't subdue data that young people and kids are presented to, yet just gives guardians the rights to instruct their kids in the manners they esteem fitting. In spite of the fact that I yield that guardians do reserve the option to screen what their kids read, they don't reserve the privilege to expel books from open libraries or screen what other kids in the city read. Healey endeavors to convince perusers that restriction of books ought not be tied in with quieting voices on significant points, yet about guiding youngsters toward the most ideal writing; notwithstanding, she neglects to indicate what comprises as the most ideal writing. Probably the most ideal literatures† likewise happen to cause the most discussion, including Huck Finn, Harry Potter, The Scarlet Letter, and To Kill a Mockingbird. The individuals who challenge these books have obviously not considered them top to bottom. For instance, the fundamental topic in Huckleberry Finn centers not around upholding prejudice, as some recommend, yet demonstrating that race doesn't characterize a people knowledge or ability for empathy. Indeed, even Healey concedes that concerned guardians and network individuals respond without setting aside the effort to intently explore the books they need restricted. While I concur that guardians should assume a functioning job in instructing their youngsters and as their essential watchmen, have the legitimate option to screen what their kids read, I differ that this lawful right reaches out to controlling what other kids in the local read also. Disallowing youngsters from perusing a book won't upgrade their virtues. Or maybe, prohibiting a book more probable will expand interest for understanding it. I likewise understand guardians who boycott books with questionable or awkward subjects since they are uncertain regarding how their youngsters will respond or how to clarify such themes. A decent method to talk about these subjects with youngsters is to peruse books with different perspectives regarding the matter so kids can encounter numerous perspectives before shaping their own assessments. Healey herself concurs that such a technique may assist youthful with peopling better comprehend the world they live in, the human condition, and issues they face in their way of life. As Healey expressed, guardians likewise will in general boycott books dependent on moral grounds, albeit a few books have been denounced for their points of view on urban qualities and history. For this very explanation, the overall population should peruse these books. Our general public, particularly our more youthful kids, needs to peruse these books since completely understanding a subject requires information on the two sides. On the off chance that we decide to dismiss even a profoundly disagreeable supposition, we purposefully decide to live in numbness, just in part taught in a subject we guarantee to know so well. No ifs, ands or buts, on the off chance that we keep on restricting books and disregard what some think about untouchable points, we thwart ourselves and our kids from discovering approaches to take care of societys issues, in this manner hampering the advancement of our country overall. Numerous preservationist bunches make the contention that the books that have been prohibited have material that is wrong, indecent or negating the convictions they have instilled in their youngsters or potentially their general public. Take for thought the dubious books that tackle troublesome, delicate social issues like homosexuality. Books like Heather Has Two Mommies, by Leslea Newman and Daddys Roommate by Michael Willhoite (the two books composed for youth with gay guardians) were shot somewhere around traditionalist gatherings since they endeavored to teach youngsters about homosexuality, an issue guardians felt should have been educated to their individual kids by them. While this may appear to be a legitimate contention, truly it is simply avoiding around the genuine issue. Book-prohibiting cases ordinarily concern the security of youngsters and their blamelessness, however all that is occurring is shielding guardians indicating a clumsy shirking of their childrens showdown with awkward issues. It isn't just egotistical, yet in addition hurtful to the general instruction of their kids. This demonstration of forbidding books is only the parents’ method of sidestepping of the discussion with their youngster about these delicate issues. These two books are issues that Healey raises in her contention on how gatherings were vexed about the manner in which these books educated their youngsters regarding homosexuality. Homosexuality and other tricky social issues are a piece of regular day to day existence, and for a gathering to endeavor to blue pencil this subject from more youthful society is practically silly; these issues are not tremendous and the oversight of them shows partiality as well as absence of regard. Prohibiting books is by all accounts the most open answer for a private issue not every person ought to need to endure limitations since one gathering feels awkward with the book. That being stated, there are regularly books that contain realistic and frequently exceptionally improper material; I do assent that these books ought to be edited at the prudence of the parent, or anybody included be that as it may, nobody is constraining books upon others, so we ought not be compelled to expel them. Different gatherings would state that its additionally the obligation of the legislature to control these books to ensure concerned residents and their families, however I would need to oppose this idea. Its the specific inverse of the administrations job our private lives, the books we read, ought to be managed and constrained by us. Prohibiting books from open assemblages isn't what the administration was expected to do. Subjects that appear to be socially prohibited out in the open, not to mention distributed, have been restricted on the grounds that their improper substance may negatively affect more youthful youngsters. In these books, writers doesnt advance or empower terrible practices, they set up their perusers for a portion of this present reality challenges. The youngster could always be unable to gain proficiency with these things if the book was restricted, nor have the option to frame their own assessment about that specific point. Healey talks about that the book, 33 Snowfish, a dull story of three young wanderers who are casualties of different types of maltreatment by Adam Rapp might be an unacceptable method to instruct kids on these opportune subjects. Be that as it may, having these accounts restricted all together would simply additionally shield a kid whose guardians may not be happy to talk about these issues with them by any stretch of the imagination. Despite the fact that these books revolve around terrifying subjects, they are teaching kids on genuine issues that they will be presented to once they adventure into the world themselves. Healey proceeds to point out that the books ought not be prohibited also, since it involves private conclusion not one to be made by the open libraries of a network. She proposes that scho

Monday, August 3, 2020

New Student Photo Series 2010 Entry #6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2010 Entry #6 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Thank you to all of the new students that have been sending in photos.   It can take me a bit to catch up as they come in so thanks for your patience.   For new students that want to contribute, please see this entry for instructions. The first set of photos were sent in by Sujata Bordoloi, an incoming MPA student with an Economic and Development focus. __________________________ The first two photos are of a school in the Wau region of Southern Sudan. The rusty tank is a reminder of the 21 years of civil war. Children in Southern Sudan finally get a chance to return to normalcy albeit in very basic conditions. The school ground used to be a Church where children now gather under trees to learn. Resources are scarce and teachers lack the requisite training to assimilate newly enrolled repatriated children from neighbouring Uganda, Kenya and Ethiopia. It does not deter teachers and children from coming to school everyday with chairs and blackboards in 50 degrees heat a truly inspiring sight! First day at a temporary school for children from a slum in Martissant, Port-Au-Prince. This was one of the first temporary schools to have opened in PAP 7 weeks after the disaster. The earthquake of January 2010 in Haiti was more devastating than the 2004 Tsunami in terms of the thousands of people killed and millions rendered homeless and without basic services. _________________________ The next set of photos were submitted by Ryan Arant, an incoming MIA student. _________________________ The first photo was taken in Dahiya, the Hezbollah controlled Shiite borough of southern Beirut shortly after the 2006 Israeli-Hezbollah War.   It was taken during a thoroughly guided tour of the area and with the not so tacit approval of our hosts. The second photograph was taken in the Palestinian refugee camp Sabra and Shatila in West Beirut.   This child was one of the tens of thousands of refugees displaced from the Nahr al-Bared refugee camp near Tripoli by a conflict between the Lebanese Internal Security Forces and the Fatah al-Islam militant group.   His face was painted as a show of support for Palestinian solidarity. The third photo was taken in Syria about 50 miles outside of the city of Hama.   The man in this photograph (a shepherd named Amjed) not only invited me and my companions to spend the afternoon with him in his tentâ€" he also rode his horse several miles into the desert to search for (and almost instantly find) a missing cell phone, used several days worth of his earnings to provide us with a meal, and managed to disinfect a series of wounds I had recently acquired in a fall with arak, the locally popular aniseed-flavored liquor (in the latter case completely against my will).

Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Debate of Integration into Classrooms - 1186 Words

Introduction The subject of integrating children with disability into regular classrooms has been the epicenter of debate among scholars and practitioners in the special education industry. This owes to the reality that authors like Berg (2004) and Cassady (2011) made publications on the topic in question. It is critical that the integration of physically and mentally disabled children into regular classes is a transforming global issue that must be subjected to various applications and interpretations. In fact, Cassady (2011) asserts that the idea of integrating students with disabilities into regular classrooms causes controversy among administrators, teachers, and parents. This topic is controversial because some scholars believe that all students qualify to attend regular classrooms while other scholars argue that only those students that can maintain identified rates of academic progress should attend regular classrooms. The idea of integrating children with disabilities into regular classes has been implemented in several nationalities. For instance, in the United States of America, seventy percent of children with disabilities spent forty percent of their day in public schools. The integration of students with disabilities (in the United States) was made possible by the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (Winter and O’Raw, 2010). Consequently, other nations emulated America because the same author affirms that all European Union countries have theShow MoreRelatedTechnology Is The Most Useful Source Of Information For Gathering Any Type Of Materials1067 Words   |  5 Pagesinformation inside the classroom. Leanna brooks states in here article about Challenges, Advantages, and Disadvantages of Instructional Technology in the Community College Classroom that, â€Å"Technology use ï ¬ nds itself woven into an almost daily educational discourse and debate. It is relatively ea sy to forget that computer use in education is a relatively new phenomenon that has evolved to widespread use only within the last 20 years. Teachers began to have more control over classroom technology use withRead MoreIntegrating Technology into the Classroom Essays1551 Words   |  7 PagesIntegrating Technology into the Classroom Technology is gradually changing our society; there is no doubt about that. If told ten years ago that students had the capabilities of having a robot for a teacher, one might laugh or suggest a new Hollywood movie. Now a days, this, along with many other advancements, can be a reality. Technology has added many benefits such as allowing students easy access to new information, offering a portable and affordable solution for textbooks and has even beenRead MoreHow Technology Can Make A Younger Student995 Words   |  4 Pagesthere’s anything to be worked upon. If the teacher introduces this practice in the classroom, it will be a new tool for the students. There are a multitude of programs, applications, and websites that provides extra practice and explanations in an interactive way. In another case study done in Belgium, a student is quoted on how their teacher â€Å"made an interactive course with links to websites and movies† (Montrieux 9). Especially with the subject of mathematics, there are math games that can makeRead MoreImpact Of Middle School Principal Leadership On The Schools1210 Words   |  5 PagesThis study examined the impact of middle school principal leadership on the integration of technology in selected middle schools within the Indianapolis Public School District. According to D. Crenshaw Director oflnformational Technology, the Indianapolis Public School District has invested millions of dollars in an attempt to implement technology into the classrooms of selective middle schools within its school district in order to enhance the overall education of inner city students (personal communicationRead MoreGifted Segregation vs. Integration Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pages Recently, a major debate between education boards nationwide has been receiving a lot of attention because of the impact it could potentially have on our current system of education. The debate centers around the issue of segregated versus integrated classrooms and whether or not separate classes for gifted students are necessary to be implement in schools across America. Typically, in integrated classrooms students who are classified as â€Å"gifted† will be working in and among the â€Å"average† studentsRead MoreExamining the Social Interactions of the Inclusion Classroom: A Grounded Theory1424 Words   |  6 PagesExamining the Social Interactions of the Inclusion Classroom: A Grounded Theory HIED 595 Texas AM University-Commerce Examining the Social Interactions of the Elementary Inclusion Classroom: A Grounded Theory Inclusion has been one of the main focuses in the field of special education for the past two decades. Students with disabilities are being integrated in the general education classrooms at a steady pace. With the focus being on inclusionRead MoreThe Importance of Technology to 21st Century Learners Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesswept through in recent years improved teaching and learning in the classroom? Utilizing various research tools such as Boise State Universitys Albertsons Library database, Google Scholar, and other online tools to access peer-reviewed journals, this paper will demonstrate that technology in the classroom results in increased student performance. great intro, Evan. -Barbara Schroeder 5/6/10 7:51 AM Technology in the Classroom Technology already plays a huge role in the lives of studentsRead MoreThe Impact Of Media And Instructional Technology On Student Learning919 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology on Student Learning There have been many debates, among researchers, in the past on technology and the impact that it has on learning. However, there is one debate that, after over nearly two decades, is still being discussed to this day. The debate of Clark-Kozma has been of great significance to researchers in the past and present. As new and improved technology is introduced, many researchers have focused their study on this debate to prove or disprove the findings of Richard ClarkRead MoreWhat Makes A School Great? Essay1165 Words   |  5 Pagesschool great? Could it be the integration with technology? How about the records of its sports teams? Many schools consider these aspects before anything else when making plans to advance their schools; however, there is more to a school than its athletics and technology. It really depends on the school’s way of teaching the students, and how the students approach education. Columbia City High School must emphasize academics through activities such as Speech and Debate, de-emphasize athletics throughRead MoreThe Arts Is An Essential Element Of Education1245 Words   |  5 Pagesdebilitating losses on faculty and programs. Arts programs are sometimes eliminated by school administrators and boards of education without much anguish or serious debate, as if they are dispensable and unimportant, inconsequential and superfluous† (Fowler, 1996, p. 36). So why not integrate the arts into the curriculum? â€Å"Arts integration is the investigation of curricular content through artistic explorations. In this process, the arts provide an avenue for rigorous investigation, representation

Monday, May 11, 2020

Tattoos on the Heart Success Essay - 1808 Words

Gregory Boyle begins chapter eight: â€Å"Success with a few questions that seem so simplistic at first glance. What is success and what is failure? What is good and what is bad? Setback or progress?† (Boyle 167). Taking a few moments to process these questions, one realizes that the question is quite complex and difficult. Success has such a subjective definition that it can only be defined by the one who answers the question of â€Å"what is success to you?† and has no universal definition. Specifically with gang members, success in the context of their lives is about personal growth and less about tangible results. â€Å"Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will†¦show more content†¦Just like the questions Boyle proposed at the beginning of the chapter; there was difficulty in making a connection between the death of a child and the idea of success. With further evalu ation it became evident that success was not in what happened, but what did not happen. It is safe to assume that the majority of people would consider the death of a child a failure, but the majority of people fail to look past this isolated event. The gang members were ready to claim vengeance as theirs and continue the cycle of pain, death, and violence. But because of a tragedy stricken mother the cycle was broken right then and there. The breaking of this negative downward spiral is a success in its own right. Another mother would not need to receive the news of her son being shot, another confused gang member would not end up in the penitentiary system, and another child would not be left fatherless. Just as every cloud has its silver lining; unfathomable sadness has positive aspects within itself. Mark Torres, S.J., beloved spiritual guide at Homeboy Industries, says, â€Å"We see in the homies what they don’t see in themselves, until they do† (Boyle 178). The g ang members hold within themselves a poisonous shame that corrupts their sense of self. Without a sense of self it is tremendously difficult to move forward and people tend to stay stuck in what they know. Homeboy IndustriesShow MoreRelatedTattoos in the work place700 Words   |  3 Pages Tattoos in the work place Today in America there is less problems having tattoos in the work place. As tattoos proliferate, some employers’ are becoming more accepting of body ink peeking through work place attire but the level of acceptance varies depending the industry and the corporate cultural. The work force is more interested in your educational skills and skills for the job. Tattoo policies can vary from one office to the next the argument being that tattoos and certain hairRead MoreEssay on Tattoos and Society1064 Words   |  5 PagesTattoos are created by inserting colored materials beneath the skins surface. The skin is penetrated with a sharp tool. Today colored ink and an electric needle are the material and instrument of choice. Today the practice is popular with a vast cross section of the population. Within the United States tattoos can be found on individuals ranging from gang member to fashion models. The word tattoo comes from the Tahitian word tatu which means to mark something. It is arguably claimed thatRead MoreMovie Review : Chinatown And The Girl With The Dragon 875 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Chinatown† and â€Å"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo† Noir (noir means black in French) is a style which was frequently seen in 1940-1950s film mostly consisting of crime, sex and fiction. Modern motion pictures use the same genre, but updated visual, theme and content. Neo-noir, Greek term neo means new, making term new black. Noir movies are very popular among the audiences. Chinatown (1974) directed by Roman Polanski, starring Jack Nicholson (Protagonist) as Jake Gittes, FayeRead MoreTattoos Should Be Allowed in the Workplace Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pageshaving a tattoo could ruin every hope one has of getting the job. One may ask, â€Å"why does having a tattoo ruin ones chance of getting a job?† A tattoo would ruin one’s chances at getting a job simply because it is wrongly viewed as unprofessional. Starting off as juices and markings, tattoos were nothing more than ways of identification and personalization. Rubbing juices extracted from plants onto your face and arms is the most notable to people. Also using bone needles and pigments to tattoo in aRead MoreAnalysis Of Tattoos On The Heart1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Dream In Tattoos on the Heart, by Gregory Boyle, he describes the insecurity of gangs, violence, father wound, and crisis that the prisoners went through when they got out of jail. Boyle runs Homeboy Industries thats located in the Boyle Heights neighborhood in Los Angeles, which was made to help gangs, and fresh out of prison parolees who want to improve their lives. They are not able to get jobs because their appearance gained financial and family insecurity. â€Å"Just assume the answerRead MoreLady Gaga By Stefani Joanne Jolie Germanotta1383 Words   |  6 PagesAngelina Germanotta, Lady Gaga, was born on March 28th, 1986. She is a renowned American songwriter, actress, and singer. She was born and raised in a Catholic family residing at Manhattan’s Upper West Side. Lady Gaga went to Convent of the Sacred Heart, an all-girls private Roman Catholic school. She later joined CAP21 before dropping out of the school, at the age of 19 to pursue her music career. She describes her ac ademic years as being full of dedication, studious and discipline. These are theRead MoreDisney Gets It Right : Moana The Way Finder1088 Words   |  5 PagesC., 2016). However, the small bouts of comedy do not compare to the amount of adventure Maui and Moana encounter throughout their voyage. Scenes ranging from Maui stealing the heart of Te Fiti, a goddess who holds the power of life and creation; to Moana battling the Kakamora pirates for the safe return of Te Fiti’s heart, grip the audience with excitement and anticipation (Lasseter et al, 2016). These cliffhanging scenes evoke an adventurous spirit for â€Å"kids† ages one through ninety-nine. Well,Read MoreWedding Crashers769 Words   |  4 Pagesthe party. At one wedding Jeremy sees a woman and says tattoo on the lower back, might as well be a bull s-eye. He is targeting this woman just because she has a tattoo on her back, he doesn t know her personality yet but thinks as her as being easy and a sex symbol. John uses cheesy lines to trick and deceive women at the wedding. You know how they say we only use ten percent of our brains; I think we only use ten percent of our hearts, is one line he used on a lady. Telling them lies to getRead MoreHow Gangs And Their Social Meshwork1661 Words   |  7 Pagesand analyzing gangs and their social meshwork, it is without a doubt that gangs are seen by the majority as social pests in the community. As a whole, these numerous gangs throughout the country are more than just a bunch of criminals covered in tattoos, they are people, with feelings, who just need positivity in their lives. Most gang members, living in impoverish conditions, grew up in households were they were abused, unloved, and neglected. They grow up with no positive social support and becomeRead MoreAfter Information On Permanent Cosmetics990 Words   |  4 Pagesit is an exciting and growing industry. Electrologists, aestheticians, nurses, tattoo artists, cosmetologists and phys icians are among the diverse group who have added this specialty to their portfolio of services. Because of this rapidly growing field there are a wide range of optional training. If doing any of these training it should be closely reviewed as this can be an expensive investment in your future. Success in this industry is directly related to the quality and amount of training that

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay A Visit to the Zoo Free Essays

A Visit to the Zoo Zoo is a place where all sorts of tame and wild animals are kept. There are birds and beasts which tell us about the flora and fauna of our country as well as foreign countries. It is in this respect a giver of knowledge and information. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay: A Visit to the Zoo or any similar topic only for you Order Now Delhi zoo is housed in the Purana Kila on the Mathura Road. It has a fine and rare collection of birds and animals from all parts of the world. The zoo is spread over several acres of land. The birds and animals are kept, as far as possible, in their natural surroundings. There is a moat encircling the enclosures of wild animals so that they might not escape. One day I went to the zoo in the company of some of my friends. We bought tickets at the gate, and entered the zoo. First we came upon the enclosure where water fowls were swimming in water. The ducks and drakes were swimming and picking up things thrown to them. We enjoyed their playful antics for some time and moved on. Next we came to the enclosure of the wild animals. There were lions, tigers, and leopards belonging to different countries. The Gir lion of India seemed to be most ferocious. The enclosures smelt of meat, provided to them everyday. In another enclosure were the monkeys. They too, were of several varieties. The ape with a black face seemed to be the most mischievous. He was all the time grinning at the onlookers. The visitors threw parched grams to the monkeys and they seemed to relish it. At a small distance we saw a peacock. It was dancing. I ran to that side. The peacock seemed td be unmindful of the presence of the crowd. Closeby was an enclosure for the deer. It covered a vast area and the deer were roaming about freely- Near to the enclosure we saw a buffalo-like animal. It was the rhino munching some maize plants. It looked dreadful with its sharp horn on the nose. The sight of the rhino at once reminded me of the adventure of Colonel White as given in our text-book of English. On our way back we saw some elephants. They were being used for a joy-ride on payment. Lastly, we saw the covered enclosures where birds were flying about. They were of different colours and shapes. Now it was getting dark. The bell rang and we came out. The visit to the zoo added a good deal to our knowledge of birds and beasts. How to cite Essay: A Visit to the Zoo, Essays

Thursday, April 30, 2020

Synthesis and Purification of Acetylsalicylic Acid Essays

Synthesis and Purification of Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA or Aspirin) Introduction Salicylic acid is a phenol as well as a carboxylic acid. It can therefore undergo two different types of esterification reactions, creating an ester either with the hydroxyl or with the acid. In the presence of acetic anhydride, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin or ASA) is formed. Correspondingly, an excess of methanol will form methyl salicylate, which is also an analgesic. In this experiment, we will use the first reaction in order to prepare aspirin. Salicylic acid will not react significantly with acetic acid to produce aspirin. Acetic acid anhydride, however, is more reactive than acetic acid because its acetate group (CH3CO2-1) is a much better leaving group than the HO-1 from the acetic acid. The reaction has one complication, however, in that an esterification can occur between the phenol and acid portion of adjacent salicylic acid molecules. Further, more molecules can bind to the remaining free substituents on these molecules to create a macromolecule, or polymer. The polymer is formed as a by-product. Acetylsalicylic acid will react with sodium bicarbonate to form a water- soluble sodium salt, whereas the polymer remains insoluble. This difference will be used to purify the aspirin product. The most likely impurity in the final product is salicylic acid, which can be either unconsumed reactant, or the result of hydrolysis of the aspirin product. Salicylic acid is removed during the purification steps as well. Salicylic acid, like most phenols, forms a highly colored complex with ferric chloride, and is easily detected. Aspirin does not form the colored complex because the hydroxyl has been acetylated. [pic] Background Reading McMurry, J., Organic Chemistry, 8th Ed., pp 830 and 835 (7th Ed, pp 802 & 806-7). J. Beran, Lab Manual for Principles of General Chemistry, 9th and 8th Ed., Experiment 19, pg 231. Key Words phenol, carboxylic acid, ester, acid anhydride, macromolecule Compound, Reaction, and Yield Data Provide systematic names for the reactant and product in the substance section. Provide tabulated and experimental melting ranges for product. Report mass and moles for the reactant and product, and calculate yield % on a molar basis. Mechanism The mechanism is called nucleophilic acyl substitution. It is similar, but not identical, to the hydrolysis on pg 830 in McMurry 8e. The electrophile is an acid anhydride, not an acid chloride. The entering nucleophile is salicylic acid (its phenol O), not water. On the resulting tetrahedral intermediate, the H from salicylic acid moves to the middle O on the anhydride. Finally, the leaving group is acetic acid, rather than chloride. No base is involved. Provide structures of all intermediates in your lab report. Substances 2.0 g salicylic acid 5.0 mL acetic anhydride 5 drops concentrated H2SO4 25 ml saturated NaHCO3(aq) 3.5 mL concentrated HCl Apparatus one 125-mL Erlenmeyer flask 70-mm filter paper and Buchner funnel 250-mL or 500-ml vacuum flask Procedure Part A: Synthesis 1. Weigh 2.0 g of salicylic acid crystals. Place in a 125-ml Erlenmeyer flask. 2. In a hood, slowly add 5.0 ml of acetic anhydride and 5 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid to the flask Caution - Concentrated H2SO4 solutions are corrosive and cause acid burns. Carboxylic acid anhydrides are corrosive and extremely hygroscopic. They will cause burns, and they have a strong vinegar-like odor. Use gloves and avoid all contact with skin, eyes, and nose. Perform entire step in fume hood. 3. Swirl the flask gently until the salicylic acid has completely dissolved. If mixture solidifies completely, proceed to step 4. 4. Heat the flask in a boiling water bath (100 oC) for a minimum of 10 minutes. Clamp the flask to a stand so that it does not fall over into the water bath. 5. Allow the flask to cool slightly, and then place in an ice bath to crystallize the acetylsalicylic acid. If necessary, gently scratch the bottom of the flask with a glass rod (to initiate crystal formation on microscopic glass particles). 6. After crystals have formed, add 50 ml of DI water, and cool the mixture in an ice bath. Do not add water until crystallization is complete. Also, place a beaker of DI water in the ice bath and cool to use in later steps. 7. Collect the product by vacuum filtration using a 70-mm filter paper and Buchner funnel. The filtrate can be used to rinse the Erlenmeyer flask repeatedly until all of the crystals have been collected. 8. Rinse the crystals collected in the funnel with 5 - 10 ml of 5 oC DI water. Then, apply vacuum to the crystals for 30 seconds to remove all of the